Mr. Smith's first care was to establish labour bureaus, the peculiar condition of the country and climate making it essential for the employer and workman to be equally well informed as to when and where work and labour were available. Such establishments would be useful here-in fact, must be of benefit alike to employer and employed in every country where great manufactories are carried on; it being important, on the one hand, that employers should know what men are to be had, and that the workman should know where he might be able to follow his trade under the most satisfactory conditions. A great boon to the working class are Mr. Smith's "cheap kitchens." This is not a new idea, but as a rule, hitherto, they have been failures, owing to the uncertainty of the number of daily diners. Mr. Smith has guarded against this by making it a proviso that the customers take weekly tickets in advance; by this means the kitchens are made to pay, and the diners get a much better menu daily than could be provided if provision had to be made for an unknown number. Arrangements are also made for the meals to be sent to any factory, workshop, or private house. There are separate rooms for females. Now comes in the "co-operative system." At the end of the year the profits are divided between the subscribers pro rata according to their consumption. The amount is not paid in money, but becomes a working man's fund, available in sickness or want of work, as also for superannuation, or for dealing at the stores or kitchens. Beer is allowed; and by supplying good meals at a low price, and in comfortable houses, and by not allowing brandy to be had on the premises (and bad brandy has been the curse of the Swedish workman), Mr. Smith has dealt a heavier blow