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Chapter 8 - Emigration
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From Poverty by James Platt
P166 Emigration.
limited in England, but unlimited
in England's colonies. If true, what does it prove? In the olden
times, in all uncivilized countries, or in all countries where the
population depends for its subsistence upon what the soil provides,
when the population has grown beyond that point, a part of the inhabitants
must emigrate or starve. But in England the people do not depend
upon the soil for their subsistence, but upon their powers of production
and distribution, upon manufactures and commerce.
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By producing the best or the cheapest,
the manufacturing system is capable of indefinite extension;
by its aid we can export goods to other countries, and import
in exchange agricultural and other produce for the support of
our manufacturing and commercial population. The "remedy," then,
seems to be the scientific cultivation of manufactures, the
developing this inexhaustible source of wealth, using our ingenuity
and industry in making articles that other people require; thereby
solving the problem, how to supply large towns where a great
number of people are crowded, and where nothing for sustenance
is produced, and yet everything is to be had; division of labour
carried out by nations, each producing what it is best adapted
for, the wants of the one supplied by the superfluities of another.
Superabundant populations would then be an absurdity, emigration
not resorted to escape from starvation, but to find a soil more
cultivated to give scope to man's energies, and enable him to
do with his talents the best for himself and his fellow-men.
Instead of telling our agriculturists there is no remedy for
them but emigration, tell them to copy their rivals in the United
States." The enormous increase of late years in the production
of wheat in the West affected the farmers on the eastern seaboard
even more injuriously than it did those of Great Britain, because
they had no protection in the shape of freight and insurance,
and thousands of them were placed in the greatest perplexity
and trouble. But they, unlike their brethren here, are fertile
in resource, and have no idea of giving up in despair, or seeking
help elsewhere than from themselves. With a celerity of action
and a vigour of will which did them
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© Peter Smith 2008
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