which, when thrown away, were the causes of costly litigation to gas companies by polluting streams and wells, &c., are now sources of very large incomes to those companies. Those substances yield great quantities of salts of ammonia, the beautiful aniline dyes, paraffin, benzine, naphthaline, alizarine, and other valuable products. Glycerine, also, which formerly was a most offensive waste product in soap-making, is now purified and used to the extent of £20,000,000 annually for a great number of purposes-as an emollient for the skin, as a source of nitro-glycerine and dynamite, used in blasting rocks, in warfare, &c. The immense beds of native sulphide of iron, also, notably those of Tharsis and Rio Tinto in Spain, and of many other places, are now utilized, literally in millions of tons, for the production of sulphur, copper, oxide of iron, &c. A long list of instances of this class might be adduced if it were necessary, some of them of very great importance" (" Waste Products and Undeveloped Substances," by P. W. SIMMONDS).

Instead of telling the masses that all wealth is due to labour (that is, their labour), explain to them the value of the trained skill that directs the labourer what he is to do. Until the labourer thinks, lie is but a machine in the hands of the capitalist. As to a "juster distribution of the fruit of labour" to ameliorate the condition of the masses, it is fallacy. It is the class that must be altered. They must be taught to make better work, to produce more-not to do the minimum, but the maximum, their capacities admit of-to know the value of their labour, as a manufacturer knows the