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Chapter 4 - Progress
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From Poverty by James Platt
P84 POVERTY.
would have been no civilization; we
must have remained in a state of stationary barbarism. Every advance
in civilization is due to the creation of wants beyond those that
must be satisfied. The ingenuity of the producing class is stimulated
to supply these " extras," and to satisfy their desires, men think
how to get forward. There is a constant effort to create some new
want, and when submitted, people think they cannot do without it.
We used to be satisfied with gas, until we saw the electric light;
then the desire became general for better light in our public buildings,
shops, streets, and houses.
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I think sufficient has been said to prove my
point, that the " wealth " that has been made has gone to the
" creators " of that wealth; at all events, to indicate that
our progress has not been caused by "the working class." If
we are not progressing so fast at the present time, it is because
we are not directing sufficient attention to the acquisition
of "new knowledge." We want professorships for "original research,"
to be well paid, and the results published at the expense of
the State, that inventors, manufacturers, medical men, and others
might apply them to their respective purposes. As to the value,
you cannot measure the value of "new knowledge." Who could have
foretold with certainty, at the date of Orsted's discovery of
electro-magnetism, that this discovery would result in the expenditure
of hundreds of millions of pounds upon telegraphs alone? Such
a position is no sinecure, as many researches are extremely
dangerous. Thilorier was killed by the explosion of a vessel
of liquefied carbonic anhydride; Dulong lost an eye and finger;
and Sir Humphrey Davy was wounded by an explosion of chloride
of nitrogen; Faraday was near being blinded by an experiment
with oxygen; Nickles, of Nancy, and Louyet, of Brussels, lost
their lives, and two other chemists were seriously injured in
health, by exposure to the excessively dangerous fumes of hydrofluoric
acid ; Bunsen lost the sight of an eye, and was nearly poisoned,
by an explosion whilst analyzing cyanide of cacodyl; Hennel
was killed by an explosion of fulminate of silver, and Chapman
by one of nitrate of
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