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Chapter 4 - Progress -
From Poverty by James Platt

P90 POVERTY.

recently, were only thought of by the managers of the State as a "taxable and soldier-yielding mass," and by conscription and the odious press-gang the life and liberty of the individual were sacrificed; they were trained to yield implicit obedience to the "divine right" of "king and priest." We have changed much of this. With the formation of nations covering large areas, the perpetual wars within each area have ceased, and we have now the bulk of the people carrying on the work of production and

 
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distribution for their own benefit; and, instead of the working part existing solely to support the fighting part, we find the occupation of the fighting part has gone, or only existing to protect in the quiet pursuit of its ends the working part. "Reason and freedom " have removed, one by one, the restraints over individual actions; men are no longer tied to certain localities, nor obliged to profess a belief in, or adherence to, certain religious opinions; the governing body no longer interferes to say this article shall not be made, that dress shall not be worn, or dictates to men how they shall live. Those vast changes have been effected by industry and thrift, by whose aid the "middle class " came into existence, and whose power gradually grew until there has been a change from a social order in which the individual existed for the benefit of the State, to a social order in which the State exists for the benefit of individuals.

For men's progress, we want an unshaken belief that

We mould our destiny; the Future lies
As clay within our hands, and our own will
Fashions the Present to the good or ill
Which in the great Hereafter shall arise
To damn us, or to lift us to the skies.
Ours is the purpose which our deeds fulfil,
Slaves, it may be, or dupes, yet masters still
Of that which lives most hidden from our eyes.
But vainly fearful, or more vainly proud,
We first deny the will which God has given,
Then robe our kingly maker in the shroud
Of the foul sins for which we barter Heaven.
Thus, self-rejected from our high estate,
We next dethrone our God, and worship Fate."
S. W. HUGHES.

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Sociology

Poverty - by James Platt

© Peter Smith 2008